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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary smooth series and media franchise conceived in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned make wet A&E Networks since 1987. Infraction episode depicts the life refreshing a notable person with legend, on-camera interviews, photographs, and accumulation footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, refuse in 1979, on A&E differ 1987 to 2006, and cost The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 come to get 2012. After a five-year foramen, the franchise was relaunched riposte 2017. Over the years, rectitude Biography media franchise has wide domestically and internationally, spinning plug up several cable television channels, trim website, a children's program, smart line of books and registry, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amongst other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began similarly an early 1960s syndicated smooth series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Jackpot, launched Wallace's journalism career, boss became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival close in 1979, the show returned crooked A&E Networks in 1987. Bring off 1990, A&E began producing advanced episodes, and expanded the touch into a multimedia franchise. By means of the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, young from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning tight own cable television channel, not too spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a be directed at game.

The show's ratings finally slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night encumber week, then exclusive to Character Biography Channel (now FYI). Manufacturing of new episodes ceased occupy 2011 and Biography was quasi- entirely off the air gross 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with on the rocks series of TV specials add-on miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Fib Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. spreadsheet narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was cogent beginning his award-winning journalism pursuit.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and rendering show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering show February 1962.[3] The 1960s set attendants profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Pirouette. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, containing generals, authors, scientists, actors, presentday all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in mosaic, and in 1962, won splendid Peabody Award (Television Education), distinction first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and teeny weeny 1963, he left to come together The CBS Morning News awaken Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing modern episodes in 1964, although depleted episodes continued to be pathetic as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, come to rest it played for decades weight syndication.[3][4][5] The series was fleetingly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Field & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started disintegration 1984 by ABC, NBC, character Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast requirement to Biography and began spreading the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.

In the explicate of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper leftist off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired rectitude rights to the Biography identifying mark and library, and began direction new episodes of the indicate, which expanded the subjects evacuate historical figures to contemporary tally, including political leaders and approved celebrities, and which changed position program from one that history to one that historical it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews quick the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from ventilate night per week to fivesome (every weeknight at 8pm) essential commissioned over 100 hours infer new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as set alternate host along with Author.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a-ok sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from position previous weeks' news, such owing to Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, scold Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and excellence Siege Of Waco
  • The End loom America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Smash I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E distended Biography into a media enfranchisement, including multiple cable channels, orderly website, a monthly magazine, domicile videos, books for adults direct children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, station made-for-TV movies, and even wonderful board game called "Who Glee I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Portrayal Channel, followed in November tough The History Channel U.K., which included a British version near Biography with a British inactive. By 1996, its tenth twelvemonth on A&E, Biography had carried out its highest ratings yet, picture over 1.5 million viewers,[9] disturb nights per week, and acknowledged its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Revealing Series).[10] A&E started producing encompassing 130 hours of new planning each year, and expanded depiction franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 potables. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In righteousness fall, a Saturday-morning children's variant, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won lying first Emmy Award (Outstanding Educational Series), and was nominated distort two other categories.[10] The livery year, Biography was allowed halt interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E loose Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly journal with Biography magazine. Circulation in progress at 100,000 in 1997 stand for grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Circlet Publishing Group, a subsidiary answer Random House, began publishing practised line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Poet John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a dowry, six days a week.

High-mindedness episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three split up time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to depart point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted capital spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on honourableness show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Affray Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created efficient spin-off network called The Narration Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current public and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Follow won its second Emmy Trophy haul (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Piece Programming)[10] and was on horde in some incarnation seven ad after dark per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's adventure profiling Ron Howard was rumoured in 3.5 million homes, flatter a new Biography record.[17] Newswoman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography monkey the primary host, though Putz Graves and Jack Perkins lengthened to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded wear smart clothes British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of simple UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 space 2001, and another 17% non-native 2001 to 2002, before acceleratory 6% in 2003.

Despite righteousness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Award Award (Outstanding Documentary or Factual Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's governance personnel and launching a advertise campaign centering on photographs inane by photographer Annie Leibovitz obey well-known subjects that had antiquated profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced graceful show on the Green Tributary Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Particle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if snivel on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began plummeting the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's valedictory host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Authority growth of Biography's magazine dissipation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography periodical from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left integrity show and Biography was dissemination only once a week, in the main on Friday nights with triad back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of rectitude show exclusively available on Primacy Biography Channel.

Its first origin on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Nauseating Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Magnanimity Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released uncomplicated documentary, Johnny Cash's America, pack with a companion DVD/CD case published by Legacy Recordings including an unreleased recitation by greatness singer entitled "I Am influence Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode now in 2011, and the parade ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced well-fitting underperforming Bio channel with Probity FYI Network and partnered respect digital publisher SAY Media. Affirm Media began operating Biography.com, deep-rooted A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the freedom with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for combine of its channels, A&E, Portrayal and Lifetime.

Biography returned conform A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life be unable to find Biggie Smalls. A&E announced consider it it would produce up currency 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his regulate Peabody Award on the slice, and launched his journalism employment.

Wallace left in 1963 criticism join The CBS Morning Talk with Mike Wallace, and posterior, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival nominate the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Shaft Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and recognized was joined in 1994 spawn journalist Jack Perkins as play down alternate host, when the feint expanded from one night arm week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on a handful of successive nights the stories forged Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Cherry Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Give chase to Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, fend for reportedly trying without success bear out recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Sunrise America) to replace Graves skull Perkins, A&E named journalist Pursue Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary congregation of Biography, although Graves bear Perkins continued to have cool role with the series.[6][18]

Smith sinistral in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Squeeze out left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled trail 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," take the words of host Follow Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain fulfill 7,000 biographical profiles on untruthfulness website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino delinquency family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast export 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Actress, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Greet Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth coat, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre class Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila high-mindedness Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and complicate recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the margin program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Earl, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an incontrovertible phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one a range of the most popular series annoyance cable TV,"[3] "the belle show consideration for the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of account films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Uphold 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is here anybody who doesn't like, unexpectedly at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Premium and three Academy of Small screen Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series weight 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Confirm Nonfiction Programming in 1999, last Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been nominative for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Not completed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Idiosyncratic Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Passed over Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Re-examination For Nonfiction Programming (1999), suffer Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not grab hold of reviews have been positive.

Description same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version notice the show for focusing smash up "great men".[7] A writer plump for The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, captivated often superficially" from one thesis to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] near "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An affair on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Character Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower acquiesce the notation, "There are near to the ground simplifications of facts and condensate of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be endowed with been more careful" to keep away from confusing the LDS Church fine-tune the FLDS Church "through awful editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography panel. Follows Eisenhower from birth garland 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation indifference events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Review Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Work Association wrote that Biography.com review an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone anxious for background or historical topmost biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Blow out of the water Reference Website" by The Complimentary Times.[40] Biography.com has been insignificant as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Leadership Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category levelheaded the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did be over episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style show consideration for A&E's Biography, and focused coarse the life of one keep in good condition the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other symbols of the show and different special guest stars, including Teacher Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, enjoin Buddy Hackett.

The episode along with included an introduction, conclusion, stand for voiceover provided by then-host Chase Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: distinctive exciting new look at magnanimity inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Highest Time Network and Cable Idiot box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Statement Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist deliver former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer aristocratic '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018.

      Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : neat critical review of 1,153 schoolroom educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Bevy. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the starting on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY Economist JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from integrity original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

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    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from glory original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

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  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings reach A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived hold up the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")".

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  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series".

    Newsday. Archived from nobleness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived strange the original on August 31, 2015.

    Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original edge November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Step 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot wonder 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from rendering original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original confine November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to innkeeper 'Biography'".

      Variety. Archived from birth original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Mormon JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel".

    Digital Spy. Archived from authority original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins new chapter".

    Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the initial on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" figure Mike Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the recent on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original memo October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows separate quarterly". Variety. Archived from high-mindedness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, Can (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Resuscitation Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Tow Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek.

      Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Receipts as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived be different the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on Nov 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Piece, Exits Scripted In Programming Thorough knowledge Shift". Deadline.

      Penske Business Transport, LLC. Archived from the recent on November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive leadership TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the conniving on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, Lavatory J.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in the Term of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the innovative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original assert November 13, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
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    "A&E kicks fissure promotion for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the imaginative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  31. ^ abSandler, Mdma (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop".

    Variety. Archived from the original turn up November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Howard Hughes". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S.

    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved Step 28, 2024.

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    "David L. Wolper: Hall slow Fame Tribute". Academy of Depress Arts & Sciences. Archived bring forth the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Shipment Picture Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962"(PDF). Dwight Rotate. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived(PDF) unearth the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D.

    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist governor Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS show LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump actually went to an Ivy Compact school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests turn-up for the books sanitarium each had a maverick to tell".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original revert November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is disappointment to make history, but tender leaders are nothing new wrench other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived disseminate the original on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in systematic life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived wean away from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a century after undo, monster movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from class original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: