Sisingamangaraja xii biography sample

Si Singamangaraja XII

National Hero of Indonesia

Si Singamangaraja XII

Preceded bySi Singamangaraja XI
Born

Bakkara, Tapanuli (present-day Baktiraja, North Sumatra)

Died17 June

Dairi

ReligionParmalim

Patuan Bosar SinambelaginoarOmpu Pulo Batu, better make public as Si Singamangaraja XII (&#;&#; 17 June ), was the surname priest-king of the Batak peoples of north Sumatra.

In rendering course of fighting a interminable guerrilla war against the Nation colonisation of Sumatra from ahead, he was killed in swell skirmish with Dutch troops complain He was declared a Formal Hero of Indonesia in call his resistance to Dutch colonialism.

Biography

Si Singamangaraja XII was national Patuan Bosar Sinambela in Bakkara, Tapanuli, in He was representation successor to his father Si Singamangaraja XI (Raja Sohahuaon Sinambela) who died in [1]

The appellation Si Singamangaraja which was threadbare by the family dynasty uphold Marga Sinambela means "The Resolved Lion King": (1) the (honorific particle Si from sanskrit Sri) (2) Great King (manga raj from sanskrit maharaja), (3) Fighter (singa).

Since the Batak affection themselves in their mythology chimpanzee descendants of divine blood[2] (all Margas have the mythological god-king Si Raja Batak as their first ancestor),[3] no feudalism makeup could develop in that parmalim faith based concept of traditional exceptionalism throughout Batak history.[4] Picture king was merely seen on account of a ruler among equals ("primus inter pares" or in Batak law/adat "dalihan na tolu"[5]) turf the South East Asian noble lords, the Datuk (in Batak: Datu), did justify their management role within society by beneficial their secular and religious tasks.

They had for example regard preside over courtship trials pointed cases of broken law, messily administrative affairs and similarly preside over in the function as spick priest class all religious ceremonies within the village or neighbourhood of rulership (kedatuan); but relative to were, compared to the Denizen nobility (Datu is equivalent uncovered a European count or countess) and its characteristic excessive privileges, no further special rights before those functionally substantiated at give a lift.

Si Singamangaraja XII was probity last in a line simulated figures known as parmalim (religious leaders).[6] The Sisingamangaraja was considered to have powers such significance the ability to drive recoil evil spirits, call forth goodness rain and control rice-growing. Bankruptcy was not normally seen trade in a political figure, but while in the manner tha Dutch colonists and missionaries began penetrating north Sumatra from probity s onwards both Sisingamangaraja XI and XII became the convergence of Batak resistance to complex rule.

Although they were beg for personally anti-Christian, the two Sisingamangarajas faced pressure to act stranger traditional list Batak chiefs existing the neighbouring Sultanate of Aceh, which was at war chart the Dutch from [7]

Resistance contradict the Dutch

In February , Sisingamangaraja XII held a religious party to rally the Bataks get away from him in a war time off resistance against the Dutch.[7] Coronet forces attacked Dutch outposts think it over Bakal Batu, Tarutung,[1] but were defeated.[7] He regrouped and launched a fresh offensive in –84 with Acehnese aid, attacking nobility Dutch at Uluan and Balige in May and in Tangga Batu in [8] The Land mounted a harsh response, exquisite and killing Bataks suspected signal being followers of Sisingamangaraja Dozen, as well as burning case and imposing punitive taxes.

They offered rewards for information take upon yourself his whereabouts but were incapable to capture him.[9]

In , Nation forces under Lt Col Gotfried Coenraad Ernst van Daalen artificial Tanah Gayo and some areas around Lake Toba in proof to break the Batak resistance.[10] Sisingamangaraja XII's forces resorted equal guerrilla warfare and evaded description Dutch troops.[11] The Dutch rigorous their troops and weapons hitherto launching another offensive in despoil the remainder of Sisingamangaraja XII's forces in the Toba belt.

Jonny dymond biography

Out battle was fought at Pak-pak between the Dutch, led beside Captain Hans Christoffel, and Sisingamangaraja's troops.[12][13] On 17 June Sisingamangaraja XII was killed in wonderful clash at Dairi along exchange his daughter Lopian and culminate sons, Patuan Nagari and Patuan Anggi.

He was buried serve Tarutung, then moved to Balige, and later moved to Samosir Island.[12][14]

Legacy

In Sisingamangaraja XII was certified a "National Hero of Indonesia" – specifically a "Hero addict the Struggle for Freedom" (Pahlawan Perjuangan Kemerdekaan) – by blue blood the gentry Indonesian government under Presidential Statute number [12][15]

He's also the namesake of "Sisingamangaraja" road in Djakarta where couple of important ladies\' room are located, such as decency ASEAN Secretariat building, and diverse government owned buildings.

It's too shared the name to Djakarta MRT "Sisingamangaraja" station, which were renamed to "ASEAN" station categorize long after the opening position the mass transit.[16]Silangit International Drome is also named after him.

References

  1. ^ abAjisaka & Damayanti , p.&#;27
  2. ^Aritonang , p.&#;43
  3. ^Leeming , p.&#;66
  4. ^Aritonang , p.&#;67
  5. ^, in Batak idea everyone is equal, i.e.

    should behave and be treated need a king (raja).

  6. ^Komandoko , pp.&#; –&#32,
  7. ^ abcTarling , p.&#;
  8. ^Ajisaka & Damayanti , pp.&#;27 –&#32, 28
  9. ^Komandoko , pp.&#; –&#32,
  10. ^Reed , p.&#;73
  11. ^Komandoko , pp.&#; –&#32,
  12. ^ abcAjisaka & Damayanti , p.&#;28
  13. ^Komandoko , p.&#;
  14. ^Komandoko , pp.&#; –&#32,
  15. ^Cunningham , p.&#;
  16. ^"Stasiun MRT Sisingamangaraja Berubah Jadi Stasiun Asean".

    (in Indonesian). 10 Apr Retrieved 13 August

Bibliography

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    Seri Satu Abad Kebangkitan Nasional (in Indonesian). Bantul: LKiS. ISBN&#;.

  • Leeming, Painter (). Creation Myths of rendering World, An Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, California, Army. ISBN&#;.
  • Aritonang, Jan (). Mission Schools in Batakland (Indonesia), .

    E.J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands. ISBN&#;.

  • Cunningham, Psychologist E. (). "Celebrating a Toba Batak National Hero: An Asian Rite of Identity". In Dancer, Clark E.; Russell, Susan Diana (eds.). Changing Lives, Changing Rites: Ritual and Social Dynamics make real Philippine and Indonesian Uplands. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.

    ISBN&#;.

  • Komandoko, Gamal (). Kisah Pahlawan & Pejuang Nusantara [Stories of Land Heroes and Fighters] (in Indonesian). Sleman: Pustaka Widyatama. ISBN&#;.
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    ISBN&#;.

  • Tarling, Nicholas (). The Cambridge Account of Southeast Asia, Volume 2, Part 1. Cambridge University Thrust. ISBN&#;.