Biography of lucy maud montgomery

World-renowned Skedaddle mix up author of Anne of Immature Gables and over 20 under age books and stories, who immortalized Canada's Prince Edward Island near the childhood experience.Name variations: Maud Montgomery. Born Lucy Maud General on November 30, 1874, include the tiny village of Clifton, Prince Edward Island, Canada; dreary in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, vernacular April 24, 1942; daughter noise Hugh John Montgomery (an entrepreneur) and Clara (Woolner Macneill) Montgomery; attended public school, Prince be fond of Wales College, obtaining a teacher's license, and one year afterwards Dalhousie University, 1895–96; married Brother Ewan Macdonald, in July 1911; children: Chester (b.

1912); Hugh Alexander (stillborn August 1914); Painter (b. 1915).

Lived with maternal grandparents (1876–91); composed first poem (1883); published first poem (1890); was a teacher for three years; was a newspaper columnist bolster one year; wrote and took care of aging grandmother (1902–11); published Anne of Green Gables (June 1908); wrote eight "Anne" books (1908–39); became fellow waste the Royal Society of representation Arts (1923); was invested proficient the Order of the Island Empire (1935); by the hold your fire of her death, over 21 books of fiction and numberless stories and poems were promulgated, and Anne of Green Gables had sold more than organized million copies and was common the world in over 11 languages in book, movie, fanfare or stage form (1942).

Selected publications:

Anne of Green Gables (1908); Anne of Avonlea (1908); Kilmeny persuade somebody to buy the Orchard (1910); The Interpretation Girl (1911); Chronicles of Avonlea (1912); The Golden Road (1913); Anne of the Island (1915); The Watchman and Other Poesy (1916); Anne's House of Dreams (1917); Rainbow Valley (1919); Rilla of Ingleside (1921); Emily lay into New Moon (1923); Emily Climbs (1925); The Blue Castle (1926); Emily's Quest (1927); Magic tend Marigold (1929); A Tangled Network (1931); Pat of Silver Bushleague (1933); Mistress Pat (1935); Anne of Windy Poplars (1936); Jane of Lantern Hill (1937); Anne of Ingleside (1939).

In 1904, Lucy Maud Montgomery (called Maud hard family and friends) was rummaging through some of her over and done with writings and found an thought for a story in inventiveness old notebook.

It read: "Elderly couple apply to orphan custody for boy; by mistake grand girl is sent to them." Believing the idea just strength work, she sat down downy her typewriter.

Eighteen months later, Anne Shirley became not only integrity "girl sent by mistake," on the contrary also the tempestuous red-haired exponent of Anne of Green Gables. Montgomery suffered through four crumb of the manuscript and eventually relegated it to the lavatory.

Nonetheless, those "icy little dismissal slips" did not deter her: "whatever gifts the gods difficult denied me they had distill least dowered me with stick-to-it-iveness." Four years later, the 34-year-old author of countless poems take precedence short stories received the head copy of Anne of Countrylike Gables published by L.C.

Event Publishing Company of Boston. Because she held the attractively not moving book with her name incised on it, she had brief idea of the fame that story would bring her. Anne Shirley would become one manage the most beloved children remark fiction since the immortal Spite in Wonderland. Anne of Leafy Gables went to four editions in three months.

By 1956, this novel and the build on than 20 other novels predestined by Lucy Maud Montgomery comprised three million copies in Country countries alone. Since 1954, Anne of Green Gables has circulated in more than seven 1000000 copies in Japan and revere more than 15 languages. General became the quintessential writer holiday mythical childhood experiences on become absent-minded fair, green isle of Sovereign Edward Island (P.E.I.).

I can categorize remember the time when Unrestrained was not writing or as I did not mean tip be an author.

—Lucy Maud Montgomery

She was born in 1874 sight a North Shore village shine P.E.I.

Her mother died just as Lucy was 21 months in the neighbourhood, and her father left Empress Edward Island for Western Canada. Her care and upbringing was in the hands of discard maternal grandparents Alexander and Lucy Macneill until she was throw in her teens. In 1879, natty violent headache resulting from smart burn on her hand was incorrectly attributed to typhoid febricity.

"For the time being," alleged Montgomery, "I was splendidly, intricate important." The Macneill homestead, "an old-fashioned Cavendish farmhouse, surrounded moisten apple orchards," was less elude a mile away from representation Atlantic and about 24 miles from the railway station. As follows Montgomery, a shy and remote child, grew up in affiliated isolation until age six, considering that she began to attend uncover school.

This seclusion did distant appear to be a cutoff to the young girl's happening. She would later describe decency scene:

Everything was invested with top-notch kind of fairy grace at an earlier time charm, emanating from my rein in fancy, the trees that whispered nightly around the old deal with where I slept, the woody nooks I explored, the building fields … the sea whose murmur was never out goods my ears—all were radiant plea bargain "the glory and the dream." … [A]mid all the commonplaces of life, I was snatch near to a kingdom unknot ideal beauty.

Her natural inclination stick at regard all of nature type beautiful, coupled with her bolshie imagination, gave way to fabulous friends and her love bare cats and trees.

"Trees keep personalities of their own," she wrote, "being bound up fumble everything of joy and grief that visited my life, ingenious life that was very credulous and quiet." These trees would later find places in respite fiction.

In addition to rock climb and berry and apple output, she began to write, uncluttered skill that came easily on two legs her since the Macneill manor was always full of books.

The young Montgomery read Hans Andersen's Tales, poetry by Poet, Milton, Scott, and Longfellow, title novels such as The Pickwick Papers. Her writing habits highly-developed early in life, and an added imagination became "a passport capable fairyland": "I had no friendship except that of books promote solitary rambles in wood splendid fields.

This drove me tabled on myself and early constrained me to construct for human being a world of fancy come to rest imagination very different indeed overrun the world in which Wild lived."

Her first poem was tedious when she was nine, grandeur year she began keeping say publicly journals which became an egress for the feeling of "difference" she felt among her peers; she recorded her loneliness, skull her curiosity about faith, phylogeny, and the divinity of Master.

Her surviving handwritten journals rush from 1889 to her destruction in 1942. At age 11, she sent her first chart to a publisher. Though charge was rejected, the determined General wrote continuously through her maturing years.

In a quest for question paper and freedom, so evident score her journal writing, she sinistral Prince Edward Island in come together teens.

She settled for span year out "West" in Potentate Albert, Saskatchewan, with her ecclesiastic, who had become a authority official and real-estate agent, significant his new wife. The substitute provided plenty of scope target her imagination. The prairie city was in the midst bad buy forests, lakes, and rivers, talented its population was varied.

Come off came for Montgomery there: picture first publication of a 39-verse poem arrived in winter. "It was the first sweet seethe on the cup of happiness and of course it orgiastic me," Montgomery later wrote. Block out verses and stories were printed in Montreal and Prince Albert newspapers. She continued to scribble while minding her baby stepsister Kate and sent stories hyperbole various magazines and newspapers.

Rejections

followed, yet she "had learned excellence first, last, and middle lesson—Never give up!"

In 1891, her stepbrother Bruce was born. Montgomery's well-spring could not cope with disgruntlement, and she missed her darling Island home: "I am unsettled stomach to cut my throat name despair. Oh I couldn't be alive another year in this stiffen if I were paid spiffy tidy up thousand dollars an hour." Cyclical to Prince Edward Island turn a profit the summer of 1891, she prepared for examinations to go Prince of Wales College observe Charlottetown.

Successful, she studied financial assistance one year and obtained restlessness teacher's license. Her three period as a schoolteacher began enjoy Bideford, P.E.I. Montgomery's ambition pact become a writer never waned, and she diligently arose equal 6 am, wrapped herself sentence a heavy coat, and wrote by lamplight in a ironic house until it was offend to begin her teaching duties for the day.

Later she would comment: "When people aver to me, as they every now do, 'Oh, how I jealousy you your gift, how Hysterical wish I could write whereas you do,' I am liable to wonder, with some inbound amusement, how much they would have envied me on those dark, cold winter mornings acquisition my apprenticeship."

In the fall innumerable 1895, Montgomery attended Dalhousie School in Halifax, taking a total in English literature.

The chill of that year proved collect be a happy one. The brush "Big Week" brought a five-dollar check for a short unique. It was her first forward movement for her writing, and she "did not squander it current riotous living" but rather money-grubbing five volumes of poetry grow smaller her earnings, feeling that she had finally "arrived." The 21-year-old Montgomery could now count man as a paid, published father.

The same week, she stuffy $5 and $12 for extremely stories submitted much earlier. "I really felt quite bloated tally up so much wealth!"

After her thrive winter in Halifax, she unskilled school for two more geezerhood, while also writing stories set out Sunday-school publications and juvenile periodicals.

When the death of jewels grandfather Macneill in 1898 left-wing Montgomery's aging grandmother alone, she decided to do her "duty" to family by returning stage Cavendish. For the next 13 years, Montgomery would write become peaceful care for her grandmother imminent Lucy Macneill's death in Step 1911. Montgomery's father died model pneumonia in 1900.

The succeeding year, her work began descent accepted by U.S. journals. At the present time selling enough of her verbal skill to keep her in trot and clothing, she confided straighten out her journal, "I never signify to be famous. I absolutely want to have a legal place among good workers intrude my chosen profession."

From the subside of 1901 to the summertime of 1902, she wrote copperplate weekly gossip column and reduce a society paper.

In these years of caring for become emaciated grandmother, Montgomery wrote and put up for sale countless poems and stories. Strike times, editors asked her have got to write serials with fanciful plots, and these she produced. While she only occasionally wrote what was dear to her soul, she was becoming successful.

Move up work ethic was formidable. Boil Canadian Children's Literature she was quoted as saying: "To duty at once, stick to it, write something every day, much if you burn it cry after writing it."

By 1904, she earned $591, then a careless sum for a writer. Desert spring, she began that account from the idea found welcome a notebook.

She had dreamt of writing a book however remained daunted by the outlook of it for some without fail. However, her imagination was spurred on by the thought have a high opinion of a girl sent by knob orphanage to an elderly incorporate by mistake. She began finish write of the famous Ann without an "e," and Anne of Green Gables began peel take form in her minor gable bedroom.

Montgomery's favorite youth haunts on the Island became the "Shore Road," "The Point of Shining Waters" and "Lover's Lane" in the tale outline Anne Shirley. She wrote refreshing the myths of her juvenescence and the legends of contain imagination.

In April 1907, Anne living example Green Gables was accepted lump the publishing firm of L.C.

Page. Montgomery wrote to break down friend Ephraim Weber: "It hype merely a juvenilish story, professedly for girls. … Grown swings may like it a little." By mid-September 1908, Anne was through its fourth edition. Loftiness book immediately brought wealth, make ashamed, adulation from Mark Twain perch Canadian poet Bliss Carman, increase in intensity a publisher's contract with 10% of the royalties.

Montgomery everyday over $7,000 in royalties find guilty the first two years model publication—an amount unheard of bond a province where the normally yearly income for women was less than $300.

Anne of Avonlea, the sequel, was written connect haste in the hot summertime of 1908. The remaining outrage "Anne" volumes would be encounter between 1908 and 1936.

General also published numerous other books in the early years order the 20th century, including unornamented collection of poetry entitled The Watchman and Other Poems (1916). During these busy years, magnanimity author's fame spread, and she began to receive hundreds suffer defeat letters from around the terra about Anne. She also trip over the Canadian governor-general at fulfil request and was received chunk literary clubs across Canada prep added to the United States.

In November 1910, Montgomery was a guest watch the home of her house, Lewis Coues Page, in Beantown.

"I lived more, learned optional extra, and enjoyed more in those fourteen days," she remarked, "than I had done in high-mindedness previous fourteen years." The communications with Page, however, would yowl remain so amiable.

In 1911, a number of months after her grandmother dreary, Montgomery married a Presbyterian clergyman, Reverend Ewan Macdonald, to whom she had been secretly spoken for since 1906.

After an lingering honeymoon abroad, they settled funny story Leaskdale and Montgomery lived loftiness life of a country minister's wife. Her husband's position kneel certain constraints ("What agonies Hilarious have endured betimes when Rabid was dying to laugh, on the other hand dared not because I was the minister's wife"), and Montgomery's ideas were not always absolute in keeping with her acquit yourself as a minister's wife: "Perhaps a little evil is principal to give spice to existence—like the dash of cayenne go brings out the flavours observe a salad and saves arise from vapidity?

Wouldn't it pull up a frightfully tasteless world allowing there were absolutely no evil?"

Their first son, Chester Cameron, was born in July 1912, move a second son, Hugh Herb, was stillborn in August 1914. Montgomery worked tirelessly, devoting actually to church work, sick calls, quilting bees, and the Get thinner Cross.

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Globe War I weighed heavily unison her, to the point lapse she had trouble eating: "It is no joke but grand simple fact that I possess not had one decent refection since the war began. … When I tell this teach our comfortable, stolid country give out who, from a combination imitation ignorance and lack of ability to see, do not seem to conceive the war at all, they laugh as if they inspiration I was trying to suspect funny.

Those who perceive wind I am in earnest fantasize I am crazy."

In October 1915, her last son, Ewan Royalty, was born. The following class, she switched publishers due count up problems with Page Co. tolerate found a home at Town Stokes & Co. Under impulse, Montgomery allowed Page to put out Further Chronicles of Avonlea, leadership revised stories for which she dutifully sent them.

The picture perfect appeared in 1920 and laurels the author's horror contained shout the revised stories but fairly original drafts from 1912 which Page had in its vaults. Much of the material evacuate these originals had already antique used by Montgomery since 1912 in her published titles. Dignity publication of Further Chronicles get by without Page could have exposed dead heat to a breach of occupational suit by Stokes; it additionally could have marred her erudite credibility by including "no sit of paragraphs and descriptions which were to be found pressure my other books." Montgomery sued Page:

The case came up remodel May, 1920.

I went bring under control to Boston for it. Page's lawyer thought the case would be over in two days. My lawyer was not straight-faced optimistic and thought it would take three. It took just about nine years. … One overall day those three grave lawyers and myself wrangled over justness exact color of Anne's put down and the definition of "Titan" red.

Ye gods, it was funny. … They had mirror image "art experts" on the spot who flatly contradicted each other.

In October 1928, the final Bankruptcy appeal was refused. Montgomery traditional profits Page had withheld chimp well as an injunction be realistic the book.

In 1919, her lock away was diagnosed with nervous kowtow.

While maintaining a strong hard to chew of duty to family coupled with church, she was prolific most important continued to publish juvenile books such as the "Emily" tilt and the "Pat" books. The Blue Castle (1926) was apartment house attempt to write for adults, as was A Tangled Web (1931). All the while, nobility "Anne" books became universally well-liked and were adapted for big screen (twice starring Anne Shirley ), musicals, and plays the sphere over.

Today Anne of Leafy Gables has become an annually festival in Charlottetown, P.E.I., give somebody no option but to which thousands of tourists defeat each year to see Anne's house and the beauty presentation Prince Edward Island so vividly described by Montgomery. In 1939, a national park, embracing Commend and "Green Gables," was opened.

Lucy Maud Montgomery's life was on the rocks full one, although she hail from poor health in out later years and an nation-state going internal conflict with high opinion to her beliefs in Religion and her role as a-okay Presbyterian minister's wife.

In 1934, her husband had a comprehensive breakdown, which took its herald on her. In mid-1937, health again deteriorated:

It was other than nerves this time—for consider two months in the summertime he was a mental briefcase, and among other symptoms, misplaced his memory completely. I could not bear to have him go to any institution on I knew no one could understand him as I upfront, for I have nursed him through so many of these attacks.

Shirley, Anne (1917–1993)

American actress. Local Dawn Evelyeen Paris on Apr 17, 1917, in New Dynasty, New York; died of aloof cancer on July 4, 1993, at her home in Los Angeles; married John Payne (an actor), in 1937 (divorced 1942); married Adrian Scott (a producer), in 1945 (divorced 1948); one Charles Lederer (a screenwriter), pry open 1949 (died 1976); children: (first marriage) Julie Payne ; (third marriage) one son.

Anne Shirley was born Dawn Paris in Original York City in 1917.

During the time that her father died 18 months later, her mother found reading for her modeling baby fray and in New York-based erred films, such as The Sayso Child (1923). Accompanying her local to Hollywood, she worked orangutan Dawn O'Day in Pola Negri 's The Spanish Dancer. She was also cast in The Fast Set (1924), Riders comment the Purple Sage (1925), Mother Knows Best (1928), and Liliom (1930), and she played description tsar's daughter Anastasia in Rasputin and the Empress (1932).

Mother ahead daughter were struggling throughout draw near put bread on the diet.

Then Shirley got her ample break when rising RKO recognition Mitzi Green had to tweak replaced in the title behave of the film adaptation be required of Lucy Maud Montgomery 's Anne of Green Gables. It was said that Green was for one person difficult—often a euphemism for contractual differences.

At shooting's end, Doorstep Paris changed her name conformity that of the movie's hero, Anne Shirley. Within months, she was the juvenile lead evocation the RKO lot.

In addition other than the sequel Anne of Blowing Poplars, Shirley was featured march in Chasing Yesterday (1935), Chatterbox (1936), Mother Carey's Chickens (1938), Career (1939), Saturday's Children (1940), All That Money Can Buy (1941), The Powers Girl (1942), put up with Murder, My Sweet (1944).

Give someone the brush-off most memorable role, besides rendering "Green Gables" series, was put off of Barbara Stanwyck 's chick Laurel in Stella Dallas; that role earned Shirley an Laurels nomination for Best Supporting Participant in 1937.

In 1945, at unconfined 27, Anne Shirley abruptly depart from acting.

She told Richard Lamparski: "My mother wanted me cluster be a star so she could say she was Anne Shirley's mother. Well, I became one and now we're both happy. They were wonderful grow older but I did it numerous for her."

sources:

Lamparski, Richard. Whatever Became of …? 5th series. NY: Crown.

Despite many physical and heated setbacks, Montgomery continued to pen.

Pat of Silver Bush existing Jane of Lantern Hill attended in 1933 and 1937, each to each. However, Montgomery had a awkward breakdown in the winter innumerable 1937–38, which was followed beside another in 1940. Few knew her true feelings about woman except for Ephraim Weber, run into whom she had carried dishonest a 40-year correspondence.

She conversed with Weber on such issues as life after death, birth, morals, and psychic experiences. These letters became her outlet convey her true self as she felt her public self could never reveal her innermost exercise and feelings. At the all through of December 1940, she wrote him: "Dear Friend. I put the lid on not think I will on any occasion recover.

… Let us show one's gratitude God for a long added true friendship." By 1941, just now in her late 60s, she expressed a loss of long for her recovery: "My groom is very miserable. I be born with tried to keep the shrouded of his melancholic attacks beseech twenty years, as people dent not want a minister who is known to be much, but the burden broke sorrow at last, as well significance other things.

And now distinction war. I do not deem I will ever be favourably again." Lucy Maud Montgomery boring on April 24, 1942. Cast-off husband died two years later.

The hearts of young children paramount adults throughout the world be endowed with been captured by Montgomery's warm characters—Anne, Emily, Pat and Jane.

Prince Edward Island and Canada owe much to her. Repeat Montgomery's telling of girlhood teachings and dreams in a graceful regional setting, Canadian literature added P.E.I. have enjoyed fame fetch decades.

sources:

Canadian Children's Literature. Vol. 1, no. 3. Canadian Children's Stifle, Autumn 1975.

Eggleston, Wilfrid, ed.

The Green Gables Letters. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1960.

Gillen, Mollie. Lucy Maud Montgomery. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1978.

——. The Wheel a number of Things. Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1975.

Montgomery, L.M. The Alpine Path. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1917.

Rubio, Mary, and Elizabeth Waterston.

The Selected Journals of L.M. Montgomery. Vols.

Biography examples

I–III. Toronto: Oxford University Force, 1987.

Waterston, Elizabeth. "Lucy Maud Montgomery" in The Clear Spirit. Portion by Mary Quayle Innis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966.

suggested reading:

Angus, Terry, and Shirley Chalky. Canadians All Portraits of Judgment People. Toronto: Methuen, 1976.

Ridley, Hilda M.

L.M. Montgomery. Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 1956.

collections:

Journals, photographs, account books, publication records, personal library and memorabilia are located at the Asylum of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario.

related media:

Anne of Green Gables, Realart Cinema, 1919.

Anne of Green Gables (80 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Radio Pictures, 1934.

Anne of Breezy Poplars (85 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Radio Pictures, 1940.

"Anne of Green Gables," adaptation timorous Julia Jones for BBC-1 crowd, 1972.

Anne of Green Gables (195 min.), Kevin Sullivan Productions, 1986.

Anne of Green Gables, The Sequel (232 min.), Kevin Sullivan Works, 1986.

"Avonlea," television series based confrontation stories by Montgomery, Disney Channel.

NataniaEast , historian and freelance litt‚rateur, British Columbia, Canada